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Sains Malaysiana 54(10)(2025):
2353-2365
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5410-02
Localized Downcore Variation of Microbial Profiles in
Mangrove Sediments and Its Role in Blue Carbon Storage
(Variasi
Kedalaman Setempat Profil Mikrob dalam Sedimen Bakau dan Peranannya dalam
Penyimpanan Karbon Biru)
NURUL AQEELA1, NUR HIDAYAH1, NABILAH KHAIRI2, NUR HAZLIN
HAZRIN-CHONG2 & MOHAMMAD ROZAIMI1,3,*
1Department
of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Received: 21 February 2025/Accepted: 30 July 2025
Abstract
The profiling of the composition and diversity of
microbial communities in mangrove sediments allow for the understanding of blue
carbon storage. This study investigated the downcore variation of microbial
profiles and related carbon fixation pathways in mangrove sediments of Pulau
Seribuat, Malaysia. 16s RNA sequencing was carried out on replicate cores in
three depth layers. The bacterial phyla of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and
Planctomycetota showed significant downcore variation within the sediment depths.
Proteobacteria showed highest abundance in the top layer while Chloroflexi
dominated the bottom layer. Statistical analysis indicated that Proteobacteria
and Chloroflexi abundance were both significantly different between top and
bottom layers, while the middle layer acted as a transition zone for the
microbial community. Further analysis of predicted functional pathways
indicated the prevalence of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle and the
reverse tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycles throughout the three sediment layers.
Although trends were observed in their abundance, the PERMANOVA tests showed no
significant differences. These findings suggest that sediment microbial profile
is influenced by other factors such as oxygen and nutrient availability, which
in turn may affect the rates of carbon fixation. This suggests that the
microbial community composition may serve as a potential indicator for
processes within the blue carbon cycle, aiding in management of these
ecosystems.
Keywords: Carbon fixation; carbon release; KEGG
pathway; mangrove sediment; microbial profiles
Abstrak
Komposisi dan kepelbagaian komuniti mikrob dalam
tanah bakau membolehkan pemahaman mengenai penyimpanan karbon biru.
Penyelidikan ini mengkaji variasi profil mikrob mengikut kedalaman dan laluan
penetapan karbon yang berkaitan dalam sedimen bakau di Pulau Seribuat,
Malaysia. Penjujukan 16s RNA telah dijalankan pada tiga teras replikasi yang
dikumpulkan dari tapak pensampelan. Tiga filum bakteria, iaitu Proteobakteria,
Chlorofleksi dan Planctomycetota menunjukkan variasi ketara mengikut kedalaman
sedimen. Proteobacteria menunjukkan kelimpahan tertinggi di lapisan atas
sedimen, manakala Chlorofleksi mendominasi lapisan bawah yang bersifat
anaerobik. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahawa kelimpahan Proteobakteria dan
Chlorofleksi adalah berbeza secara signifikan antara lapisan atas dan bawah,
manakala lapisan tengah berfungsi sebagai zon peralihan bagi profil tersebut.
Analisis lanjut terhadap laluan fungsian yang diramalkan menunjukkan kehadiran
kitaran Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) dan kitaran asid trikarboksilik songsang
(rTCA) di seluruh lapisan sedimen. Walaupun terdapat trend dalam kelimpahan
laluan ini, ujian PERMANOVA utama menunjukkan bahawa tiada perbezaan yang
signifikan. Penemuan ini mencadangkan bahawa profil mikrob sedimen dipengaruhi
oleh faktor lain seperti ketersediaan oksigen dan nutrien yang seterusnya boleh
mempengaruhi kadar penetapan karbon. Ini mencadangkan bahawa komposisi komuniti
mikrob mungkin berfungsi sebagai penunjuk berpotensi bagi proses dalam kitaran
karbon biru, sekali gus membantu dalam pengurusan ekosistem ini.
Kata kunci: Laluan KEGG; pelepasan karbon; penetapan
karbon; profil mikrob; sedimen bakau
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